Desiccating or evaporating apparatus.



UNITED STATES ra'mx'r OFFICE.

'lLLL-l M l). JAQL'ES, 0F URAXD RAPIDS, MICHIGAN, ASSIUNOR TO 1', OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS,

DESIQCATING on EVAPORATlNG APPARATUS- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 31, 1906.

Lypllcatiun filed December a. 1903 Serial lilo 134,302.

This im-entiun relates tn improvements in" dash-eating or evapuratmg apparatus mare" lhpl't'llllly adapted fur use in evaporating 1:!

desk-eating llqtlltiS- b'ltt'lt, fur instance, as

milk.

One nhject uf lhis inventiun, altlmngh an? hunted in this respert, }:s more fr-ptt'ltin f t n enm-entrate and reduce milk intu a dry and perfectly lmnmgeneuus puwih-r h an apparatus whieh is, exceedingly simple in eunstruei liun, reliable in its uyeratiun, and nut detrimental to the liquit or material upuatet upon.

Another uhjevt uf this invention is ta -pru- \ide apparatus 0f the t'lltll'tlt'lt'l" indivated whieh has a large eapaeity and uperales with great facility.

With these uhjm-ts in \'it\\' the said inventiun t'oltsists in u-rtain features uf tfultslltli'- tinn and mmliiuatiuns of parts hereinafter desrriln'd. and painted nut in the vlaima In the avennipalrvingdrawings, Figure l is a side elevatiun, largely in section, at appariv lusvmlmdjring the said invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical aeetiun in detail an line 2 2, Fig. l, hulking in the dim-rim indirated h the arrmr and drawn an a snmewhat larger st'ale than Fig. l.

Referrin; to the drawings, a designates a daring-ehamlrer within whit-h the milk or ulher liquid or material whiz-h is to he desiceated or evapurated is treated. Tllt'i'llfllllher a is formed ll :1 suitahlv-t'nnstructed metalrasing b. which is preferably about twenty-five or thirty feet in height and almut ten feet in diameter. closed except centrallv of the top thereof, here ithas an upwan lv-disehargmg vapor uutlet r, and rent rallv of its lmveremhwher it has a downarmy-discharging outlet d. The lower end portion e of the casing b tapers downwardly and has preferably the contour the si iil elnnnher.

The chamber a is of an inverted eune lhat is, flares u \raidly aihi' the outlet (1 is farmed at 110 hnwr end of the said invertuhcune-shaped hm'vr end portion 1 uf the easing b.

A lieating-jm-liet fsurmundh the casing, l) and extends; aver the upper portion a! the said vasinfand is prm'idul ill! an nutlttg liver the vapor-millet, of the ehamhrr a. 'lhe iaelwt j extends, preferably, a suitable diatam-e lwiuw the have!" end at the ehaniher u animal and helmv the luwer end par-titan f the easing fr, and suitalily-nperatml heatinglan n -rs ar heaters It are arranged within the 'lmn-r purtmn 0f the ehamher at the said jitlliil jilreferahly in still able pragdznitly 1. th exteriqr otlthe said end put-nun of t to said i iiineundut'ting pipe jrxtends; into the resins! pnrtiun uf the rhaziaher I at the top In the lower end purtiun c uf the easing b and is provided centrally of thesaidchmnberwith a vertically upwardly discharging outlet 1',

'hivh is prefernhly straight and uniform in eross-seetiun, so as tu render it capable ofdisrharging the air rmeived thereby in the farm at a straight 'euntinunus stream. pipe j is in upen relatinn with the (hawker of a emu lrt'ssltl-llUl-Hlr reservoir L thick is arranged externally of the jarketfi The chamber uf the reservoir 1 is heated in any iq'iprm'ed manner as, for instance, h l1 7 steam radiator or heater an, arranged wit tin The line 1' is provided with a annually elused valve :1. V A suitnbl uierated air-pump 0 dist-harms into t le eli'aznlzeruf the reservoir 1 am isroperatgd whenever required to maintain the desired pre sure within the said reservuir. Preferablv a pressure of sixty unnds per square inch is established and maintained within the reservnir I, an that when the valve n is o med a stream of hut air under a iressnre u sixty puumls wr square inch is ischarged vertirally iii i fiffill' from the uutlet I: inta the aminm a. he temperature inaii'itained within the reservoir 1 is preferably ahaut 180 Fahrenheit. so that air is dischargec'l into and ren'trally of the ehmnher a from the ipe at The 1 V let Ir ol' the air-eomlucting, pipe j, where the said pipe has two short branches It, respeetivel v terminating at their free ends and at opposite sides, respectively, of the said outlet Ir in an outlet 1', which is arranged to discharge the milk or llt|llltl received thereby upwardly and laterally in close proximity to and over the outlet Ir olthe air-pi )e ljat'h outlet 1' is preferably straight and cross-section, so as to render it capable of discharging, the liquid in the form of a straight stream.

A hose or llexible tube .sis attached at one end to the outer end of and communicates with the pipe 'lhe tube a is attached at its opposite end to and communicates with the outer end of a tube or pipe I, with which the cork or stopper 7! of a receptacle t is prw vided. 'lhe receptacle r containstlie milk or other liquid or material .\I to be desiccated or evaporated. The receptacle t is provided at the top and centrally with an upwardly-projet-ting neck a, whose interior passage-way connnunicates with the interior chamber of the body portion of the said receptacle. The neck 11' is closed at its outer end by the cork or stopper 1/, aml the pipe 1' is arranged cen' trally and verticallv of the said stopper and extends into the receptacle r centrall and vertically through the neck I! without obstructing the neck interiorlv an 1ro \'in1it v to the bottom ol'tlie iutcriorchamher of the said receptacle. The neck a is provided at one side with a laterallv and outwardly projecting pipe connection 1', which is in open relation with the interior chamber of the receptacle t. A hose or tlcxible tube 1 is attached at one end to and connnunicates with the said pipe connection 1' and at its opposite end is attached to and communicates with a pipe 5, which has a normally closed valve ti and leads from and connnunicatcs with the chamber of a compressed-air reservoir 7, wherein air under some pressure sa v a pressure of about twenty pounds per square inch-is stored, and a suitably-applied airpump 8 is arranged to discharge into the said reservoir and operated whenever required to maintain the desired pressure within the said reservoir.

The air-ontl ityconsiderabl pacities of the ct Ir ot' the pipe J has a ca me- 3' larger than the combined caoutlets r of the pipe p. lreterably the outlet X has a transverse area which is about three or four times as large as the transverse area of each outlet r ol' the pipe p, so that ifeach outlet r were a tenth of an inch in diameter the outlet i" would be about three or four tenths of an inch in diameter.

An iinperforate deflector 10 is suspended in any approved manner within the upper portion of the ehambera, preferably near the top of the said chamber. Detleetor It) is arranged below and considerably larger transd into elose l l l versely than the vapor-outlet c of the chamher a, but does not extend clear across the said chamber. lhe detlector It) has the general totllmtl of an inverted hollow eonethat is tapers downwardly toward its central portion and the chamber 1;, formed in the said rlellet'tul', is open at the top. The dellt't'tor it) is suspended, preferably, from the top of the casing b by suitably-applied bolts 13 and nuts It. The bolts 1-; are shown arranged with their heads projectile in under the detleetor and have their shan ts extending upwardly through the top of the casing b and the nuts 14 are mounted on the sail shanks at the upper side of the said top.

A drain-pipe ll communicates with the lowest portion of the upwanlly-llaring interior chamber 1'. of the deflector It) and extends outside of the jacketf, where it leads to anv desired place.

'lwo cross-bars l5 extend transversely of the chamber a at the top of the invertedcone shaped lower end portion 0 of the casing b and are secured in the said casing. The two bars 15 are arranged horizontally and a suitable distance apart vertically. 'l'he pipesJ and p are preferably held near their outlets to the upper bar 15 b v a suitablv-applied clip 16.

short shaft it) is arranged vertically and centrally of the chamber a and extends between and is supported in any approved manner from the bars 15. The shaft is operativel v provided between the two bars 1;) with a fan 22. The shaft 20 extends through and below the lower bar 15 and below the said bar is operativel v provided with a bevel-gear 23. which meshes with a bevelgear 24. operatively mounted on a shaft '35.

p which is arranged horizontally and supported in an v approved manner. The shaft .35 eX- tends outside of the "jacketf. where it is )IO- viiled with a driving-wheel 236, to w lieh power is applied in any approved manner A case 27 lltt'l()$t$ the gears 23 and Z1 and is supported from the lower bar 15.

convcver-eontaining case 30, which is arranged in a horizontal plane next below the outlet (I of the chamber it. extends through the lower end of the jacket f. and op iositc ends of the said case 3t) project outside of oppositesides. respectivel v.ol'the said jacket. .\n aperture 32. which is formed in the top of the case 30. registers with the outlet (1 and forms the inlet of the said case. A screw convever 33 is arranged within and longitudinall v of the case 30 and extends from end to end of the said case. The screw conveyer 33 has a right-handed thread and a left-handed thread extending from a point centrally of the inlet 3; of the case 30 to opposite ends, respectively. of the said case. The case 30 is provided at each end. externally of the jacket. f, and at the bottom with a downwardlydiseharging opening or outlet 34, and the conan v approved manner to veycr 33 is opetati\'cl provided at one end and outside of the. said case with a drivingwheel 35, to which power is applied in air ap iroved manner.

he operation of the hcreinla-forc-descrihed apparatus is as follows: te|nperatnrc of about .ltl Fahrenheit is cstahlished and nntintaiucd exteriorly of the dryingchainher hy the operation of the heatingjacltet. and the air within the reservoir 1 is heated and maintained at a temperature of ahout 180 Fahrenheit and under a pressure of about si.\t pounds per square inch, as already indicated. The valve n of the airconducting pipe J is then opened to permit the passage'of hot air under pressure into the 'drying-chanther, into which the said air is discharged vertically upwardly centrally of the said chanihcr from the outletllol the said pipe and in the form of a. stream. The valve (1 of the pipe p, employed to conduct the liquid or material to he desiccated or evaporated into the dryiiig-chamlier, is then opened. whereupon the valve t5 ol the pipe 5 isopcncd to permit the passage of air under pressure from the reservoir T to and on top of the lit;- uid or material within the receptacle 1*, so as to result in forcing liquid or nnitcrial from the said receptacle through the pipe I, tubes,

and pipe p into the drying-chamhcr, and the liquid or material to he evaporated or desk cated is within the drying-cltnmher discharged in the form of streams as shown in dotted lines, Fig. 2, against opposite sides of and carried upwardly and heated and scattered lay the stream ll of hot air, as shown in dotted lines, Fig. l, and the intersection of the streams of liquid or material to he desiccated or evaporated with the st rcaln of hot air, more especially when the latter is consideialily larger in volume than the former, instantlv results in the formation of a mist or cloud within the dryingwhainla-r and in the alisorption lay the air of the moisture and in a rapid vaporizing and elimination of the moisture from the said cloud or mist, which moisture emanates or arises from the heated, scattered, and finelwdividcd liquid or material to he dcsiccater or evaporated and passes a wardly to and around the dcllector "Ht over the said dcilcctor to the vapor-outlet cot the dr t'ing-chainher. Any solid constituents of the liquid or material to he evaporated or desiccated which rise to and impinge against the dowawarally-facing surface or surfaces of the deflector 10 are deilccted or returned downwardlv, and hence the escape of solid particles to the vapor-outlet 6 is prevented. The deflector 10, having the shape of an inverted cone, is instrumental in spreading or distributing any material impinging against the downwardly-facing surface or surfaces of the said deflector. The

drain-pipe ll, extending from the interior in conducting oil out of the way any water or liquid which may result from condensation of vapors within or adjacent the vapor-outlet c. The dried tn patthtlly'drietl solid )articles, descending root the inist'or cl oud formed within the drying-ehainhcr during the operation of the apparatus, settle by gravit into the loner portion of the said tltttltllttl, and obviously the said particles descend more. slowly as the\' heroine. drier. The fan '3'. is rotated slowly iluring the operation of the apparatus, and the o wration of the fan is instrumental in gathering the descending solid particles toward the central portion of the inrertctl-eouc-shapcd lower cnd )mllull of the casing l1 and inrctarding the descent of the said particles. The solid particles thus descending through the lower iortlt ti of the tl1 \'lll;1-t'l|:tllll)t'l will he perlcctly dry-h the time they reach the dis charge aperture or outlet 11 of the dryingchaniher and will pass through the inlet 32 of the conveyvr-caw lit! and he conveyed by the convinci- Iiil to both ends of the said case and discharged downwu-irdlv through the outlets Ill of'the said case externally of the heatingjaclict; The con'cc \'ercasc 3t), heing arranged within and extending through the hcatingjacket, will he kept in a dry condition intcriorly.

The evaporating or desiccatiiig process carried out by the apparatus which constitutes the suhjcct-inattcr of this application forms the snhjcct-niattcr of a contennmraneous application tiled simultaneously with the tiling of this application.

What I claim is l. llcsiccating or evaporating ap iaratus comprising the following: a dr \'ing-c IllHIlKl' iroridcd at the top with a Vapor-outlet and lornied h a casing \tlinst' lower end portion tapers downwardly and is provided with an outlet at its lower end; a deflector arran ecl within the upper portion of the said chant 1e! and under and tran versely larger than the aforesaid vapor-outlet; a heating-jacket attrrounding the dr \ingchaother; means for conducting the liquid or material to he desiccated or evaporated into the drying-chainher and discharging it a suitable dist anec helowthc aforesaid deflector, and means for heating and scattering the said llt aid or material into the form of a mist or c oad below the aforesaid deflector.

2. Desiccating or evaporating ap ntratus comprising the following: a drying-c iamhcr provided at its top and centrally with a vaporoutlet; an" iinpcrl'orate deflector armo ed within the upper portion ofthe said chnin lier \llitl ilfifiil transversely larger than the aforesaid vapor-outlet means I or heating the drying chambcr; means for conducting the liqaid or material to be desiccated or evaporated into the daringwhamhcr and discharging it centrally within the drying-chamber and arranged a suitahle distance below the aforesaid deflector, and means for heating and scattering the said liquid or material between the place at which the said liquid or material is thus discharged and the aforesaid dcllector. I

3. Desiccating or evaporating ap iaratus comprising the following; a tlrying-cltamher provided at the top with a vapor-outlet; a dellector armnged within the upper portion of the said chamher and under the aforesaid outlet means for conducting hot air into the drying-elmmher and discharging it under considerable pressure in the form of a stream upwardly into the dryiiwchamber, and means for discharging the liquid or material to he desiccated or eva iorated with, though at an angle to, the said stream of hot air.

4. Desieeating or evaporating apiaratus comprising the following: a dr \'ing-cliamher provided at the top and centrally with a vapor-outlet; a detlector arranged and suspended within the upper ortion of the said clnnnher and under the a oresaid vapor-outlet; means for heating the dryiiw-ehamher: means for discharging a stream o heated air under pressure upwardly into the dryingchamher, and means for conducting the liquid or material to he desiccated or evaporated into the drying-chamla-r and discharging it in the form of a stream with, though at an angle to, the aforesaid stream of air.

5. llesiceating or evaporating ap mratus eoniprising the followin a drying-cliamla-r provided at the top and centrally with a vapor-outlet; a dellector arranged within the upper portion of the said chamher helow the said vapor-outlet, whieh dellcctor tapers downwardlv toward its central portion: a heating-jaehet surrounding the said chamber; means for diseharging a stream of heated air under pressure upwardly into the dr ving-chamher, and means for tondueting the liquid or material to he desieeated or eva iorated into the drving-chamher and t ischargingit in the form of a stream.

6. llesieeating or evaporating ttPHtlttttlS comprising the following: a drying-cliamher provided at the top witha vapor-outlet; a dellector arranged below the aforesaid vapor-outlet within the up ier portion of the dr vingeha other. which deflector t apers down wardlv toward its central portion and has an interior ehamher whieh is open at the top: a drain-pi \e leadin" from the lowest portion of the ll the drying-ehamher; means for heating the drying-chamber: means for scattering the liquid or material to he evaporated or desiceated within the drying-chamber below the aforesaid deflector.

7. Desieeating or evaporating ap HURUIS comprising the allowing: a dr vtuge \amher provided at the top and centrally with a vapor-outlet; an imperforate deflector aretlector-e ianiher to the exterior of samba l ranged within the upper )ortion of the said i chamber and below the aforesaid vapor-outlet; a heating-jaeket surrounding the said chamber and extending over the top of the aforesaid casing and )rovided with an outletv adjaeent to the aloresaid vapor-outlet; means for conducting the liquid or material to he (lesict'ntetl or evaporated into the drying-chamher and discharging it in the form of a stream within the lower portion of the drying-cliamher, and means for heatin and scattering the said liquid or material lielow the aforesaid,deflector.

S. Desiceating or evaporating ap iaratus eomprising'thc following: a drying-c iamher provided with a vapor-outlet and reduced in (littlttisiolts horizontally toward its lower end and having an outlet at the said end; means for discharging the liquid or material to he desiceated or eva )orated within the drvingchamber a suitahle distance above the lower outlet of the said chamher; means for seat tering the said liquid or material in the said chamber, and means for retardin the descent of the dried or partiallv-drietlparticles within the lower portion of the drying-chamher. i

9. Desieeating or eva orating ap aratus comprising the following: a dr vmg-c iamher provided with a vapor-outlet and reduced in dimensions horizontally toward its lower end and having an outlet at the said end: means for discharging the liquid or material to he desiccated or eva )orated within the drvingchamher a suitahle distanee ahove the lower outlet of the said chamher; means for scattering the said liquid or material in the said chamher; means for deflecting downwardly within the said chamher any solid particles which tend to rise to the extreme up )(I' end of the said ehamher; means for retart ing the descent of the dried or partially-dried particles within the lower portion of the dryingehamher, and means for conducting the dried solid iartieles from the lower outlet of the said e iamher. v

It]. Desieeating or evaporating ap )aratus comprising the following: a drying-t. iamher provided with a vapor-outlet and formed by a casing whose lower end portion tapers downwardlv and is irovided with an outlet at its lower end: a an arranged within the lower portion of the drying-ehamher; means for operating the fan: means for dischar ing the liquid or material to he desiecatet or the said fan: means for heating and scattering the discharge of liquid or material to be desiccated or evaporated and means forheating the drying-ehamlmr from the exterior.

ll. Desiceating or evaporating ap iaratus comprising the following: a. drying-e iamher provided with a vapor-outlet and formed b a casing whose lower end portion is invertmf cone shaped and has an outlet at its lower evaporated within the (Irving-chamber above 7 end: two cross-bars arranged horizontally and a suitable distance a mrt vertically and extending transversely o) the lower )ortion of the dryingwhamher:' a \"ertindIy-arranged shaft arranged centrally of the dryittg-cltatnher hetweeit and supported from the said hars; means for driving the shaft: :1 tan operativelv mounted upon the shaft:

means for discharging the liquid or material rated within and centrally of the lower par-- tion of the dr t'ing-chanther; means for heating and scattering the discharge of the said liquid or nutterial: a heating-jacket snrrounding: the drying-chamher: a conveyercontaining case extending through the lower end of the lie:itin;:-'acket and provided, at the to i, with an inlet which registers with the aliiresaid lower outlet of the dryingehatnher, which (:t.-t extends to the exterior of the heating-jacket and is there provided with a diselutrging-a nature. and a serew convcyer arranged wit tin and extending lull gitudinally of the said ease.

l3. llesiccating or evaporating ap iaratus comprising: the following: a drying-elmluher provided with a vapor-outlet. 11 ans for discharging the liquid or material to he desiccated or evaporated within the drying-chamhcr: means forlieating and scattering the dischargeol' the said liquid or material: it

conveyor-containing case arranged helow the E drying-chamber and provided, at the top and centrally between its ends. with an inlet which is in open relation with the dryingchamher, which case is provided, at each end, with an outlet, and a serew conveyerar ranged within and extending longitudinally of the said ease and having a right-handed thread and a left-handed thread extending from in under the aforesaid inlet to oppnsite ends respectively of the eonveyer.

l4. Desiecating: or evaporating apparatus comprising the following: a eon: )aratively' high drying-chatnherprovided at the top and cent rally with a vapor-outlet; a detleet or arranged within then iper portion of thedn'ingchamber and in um crthe said vapor-out et; a pipe which extends from externally of the said drying-chant!ter into the lower purtlon oi the said chamber and is. provided eentreat-' 0: the said portion of the tli\ittgcltt1lllher; with an upwardly and laterallv discharging outlet, which pipe is employed in feeding the liquid ur material to he evaporated or desiecated tn'the drying-ehanihcr; a valved air-coiulucting pipe extending into the drying-chamber and provided in suitahle pro);- imity to hut helmt and at one side of the aforesaid pipemutlet. with an upwardly-projecting outlet arranged as required to have the discharge therefrom intersect the discharge from the pipe employed in condueting the liquid or material to he desiccated or evaporated. and the outlet of the last-mentioned pipe being eut1sidttaltl smaller in transverse area or capacity than the outlet of the air-eonducting pipe, and meansl'or de liverin; heated air under pressure to the fluid-receiving end of the Still air-conducting pipe. 7

l5. llestecatntg or evaporating: ap taratus comprising the following: a drying-c tamher provided with a vapor-outlet; :1 pi te which extends from externally of the said drying ehatnher into the said chanlher and is provided with two outlets arranged to discharge e e cmttainin; the liquid or nmtcrial to he evaporated 'or desiccated; means wherehy liquid a! material is forced from the said receptacle into and through the pipe; a valved air-conducting pipe. extending into the tll')" hag-chandler and provided, centrally hetween hut helow the aforesaid pi )U-Uttlltlii, with an upwardlyprojecting: out etarranged as' m-' quired to have the tli -('llttr; 't! therel'rtan n1- tersect the discharges front thedtttletsuf the pipe employed in eundueting the liquid or material to he desiccated or evaporated, and means for supplying hot air under pressure to the said air-conducting pipe. V

in testimony whereof l sign the foregoing specification, in the presence of two witmesses, this 17th day at November, 1902, at Cleveland, Ohio.

WILLIAM E. JAQUES. v Witnesses:

C. H. Dotti-m, Tm. SCHWARTZ.

upwardly and toward each other; a recepta- V 

